The WebAssembly Threads feature allows multiple WebAssembly instances in separate Web Workers to share a single WebAssembly.Memory object. As with SharedArrayBuffers in JavaScript, this allows very fast communication between the Workers. This can be used to offload computation to another thread to keep the main thread and its UI responsive.
Docs: https://github.com/WebAssembly/threads
Explainers: https://github.com/WebAssembly/threads/blob/master/proposals/threads/Overview.md